Specification —— clever design
When designing the carton specifications, we should not only consider the packaging cost of the product, but also consider the applicability and protection performance of the product packaging, usually according to the characteristics of the product, such as quantity, weight, use, storage, sales, handling and economic adaptability and other factors for comprehensive consideration.
According to the relevant requirements of international trade, the weight of a single corrugated box should be controlled at 20~25kg. China's standards stipulate that the maximum weight of a single packing box is 18kg, and the weight of a single package of corrugated cartons of general consumer goods is 20kg. Due to the product structure, large and medium-sized cartons can not be subject to weight restrictions, such as sports equipment, large home appliances and other special products. From the point of view of user packaging cost, within the prescribed standard range, under the premise of meeting the handling, storage, use performance, the production of a slightly larger size of cartons can increase the number of product clothing, reduce the number of cartons used, relatively economical. Take the outer packaging of a beverage as an example, if the paper material remains unchanged or slightly increased, the 12 bottles to 24 bottles, not only can save the cost of base paper material by about 35%, but also the total amount and cost of printing and post-printing processing will be greatly reduced. It can be said that the change of packaging specifications is indeed a big "profit" for customers. In addition, considering the rationality of the internal product structure corresponding to the carton length, width, height, such as in the condition of the same quantity and weight, the height of the carton and increase the length or width of the carton, although increased the paper area, but reduce the height of the compressive strength of the carton also improved, can effectively prevent or reduce the product damage in the process of logistics.
The design of carton specifications has a great impact on the cost of production, product adaptability and marketing effect, so the designer should think carefully, master a suitable degree, so that the product packaging can play a better role.
Strength —— multi-party consideration
Corrugated carton, color box as the main "protector" in the process of product transportation, its strength performance is crucial, generally speaking, this mainly depends on the base paper quality grade, base paper quantitative, corrugated type characteristics, corrugated board thickness and moisture content. Therefore, to improve the strength of corrugated boxes, color boxes, there are several points need to pay special attention to.① Select the base paper with high quality grade and quantity, such as the outer package with high protection performance requirements, consider the high strength corrugated board and box board; ② rationally design the structure of carton and color box; do not design the carton, color box; ③ reasonably determine the corrugated board according to the characteristics of the product; ④ pay attention to the reasonable design of corrugated production process to ensure the strength of cardboard forming; ⑤ Use waste paper board to make partition, corner and liner, make full use of resources to help improve the strength of carton and color box.
In fact, the intensity index of corrugated carton and color box is not a constant "absolute value". Along with the change of environmental temperature and humidity conditions, the moisture content of corrugated carton and color box will also change, which will lead to the compressive strength index of corrugated carton and color box unqualified "strange" situation. The author experience, once in the rainy season, the author of printing enterprises after drying steps printing beer carton, in the factory compressive strength index test, shows that the result is qualified, then send customers after testing is frequent compressive strength index is unqualified, found that the main reason is the environmental humidity is too big, logistics vehicle sealing is bad caused by transportation process carton moisture, and the box of base paper waterproof performance is not good, etc. It can be seen that in the design of corrugated carton, color box compressive strength, but also pay attention to the production environment, logistics and transportation conditions and base paper water absorption energy and other comprehensive factors.
Prepress production —— process quality
Whether the corrugated box, color box plate design is reasonable has a great impact on production efficiency and product quality. Such as the large area of black background layout on the white paper plate, it is easy to frequently appear small white spots, small ink in the process, not only need to often wipe, wash rubber, waste a lot of time, but also greatly affect the printing efficiency and quality; in the printing of large area of brown, green, blue and other background color layout, the phenomenon will be more serious, and the whole printing of ink is prone to inconsistent depth. In the author of my opinion, the background color layout design into two overprinting process, the adjustment of the primary ink output into a secondary output, which can reduce the reaction force of the ink on the paper surface, reduce the chance of the paper surface falling powder and hair. In addition, the first printing layout of the small white dots, small ink skin, after the second overprinting cover, almost can not see.
In addition to solving the difficulties in the pre-press production through exquisite thinking, the designers should also deepen the understanding of the printing process to avoid the mistakes that should not occur. If the large area layout that could be printed with special color is designed as a four-color network; the small text into four-color overprinting; the yellow background color plate into hollow layout for black text overprinting, due to the strong contrast between yellow and black, the situation of overprinting will be more prominent. Designers must pay attention to the rationality of the plate-making process, in order to improve the printing production efficiency and product quality to lay a solid foundation.
Printing process —— according to the material conditions
The printing suitability of different paper is completely different. If there is no "corresponding process measures according to the material conditions", it will bring some problems to the normal production. But even if the same type of paper, due to different brands or different manufacturers in the paper materials and process differences, will also make the quality of base paper, printing suitability there are certain differences. If some white paper sheets, white paper sheets and glass cards are acidic, the ink drying is slow after printing, which will lead to difficult overprinting of semi-finished products and significantly increase the rate of unqualified products; some low-grade white paper sheets and glass cards have poor surface strength, and easy quality faults such as powder loss, hair loss, foaming or peeling in the printing process.
Because the printing paper is mostly determined by customers, so the printing enterprises are often in a state of passive accommodation. But even if the face is customers in order to reduce the cost of less satisfactory paper, we also want to carefully design in the printing process, in order to achieve the quality as far as possible. After practice, the author obtains a few experiences, and is willing to share with the readers.
◆ Printing sour cardboard, should use fast dry fast fixed ink.
◆ For the cardboard with poor surface strength, the viscosity of the ink should be adjusted, and the printing pressure and printing speed should be reduced appropriately reduced.
◆ If the multi-color unit printing is used and the color group is redundant, the front color group can be empty for air printing to remove paper powder and paper hair, to avoid or reduce quality faults.
◆ For the products to be covered with dumb film after printing, it is not necessary to choose too expensive ink, such as high light ink, because the biggest advantage of high light ink is high printing ink gloss, but the product after the dumb film will be covered with the high gloss of the ink layer, so the high light ink for the coating products will cause waste.
◆ Should pay attention to the order of process design, such as in yellow or red background on overlapping black text, letters or lines, should first print black text, letters or lines, and then the yellow or red background impression on it, so can reflect the advantages of each color, but also can avoid printing ink by friction damage.
After the press finishing —— carefully choose
There are many kinds of finishing processing methods after printing, including embossed, concave and convex, UV, polishing, polishing, film mulching, electrochemical aluminum stamping, etc., and die cutting is the necessary basic process.
Emssed process is usually suitable for hardcover color box, which can improve the decorative quality effect of products. If the designer is not satisfied with the embossed roller pattern equipped with the equipment, or the enterprise does not have special embossed equipment, you can use the computer to make personalized design and use solid resin plate, and then use the offset press or convex press press to adjust the pad for imprinting. Special attention should be paid to the suitability and uniformity of pressure in the printing press.
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The design of concave and convex process is generally suitable for color box products. After the text and text of concave and convex pressure has a strong sense of relief, which can improve the grade of product packaging to a certain extent. For the need of the carton, it is best not to use concave and convex process. If the characteristics of the product need to design concave and convex process, can be applied in the fine corrugated color box, but should pay attention to the concave and convex area is not too large, so as not to affect the quality of corrugated board mounting.
UV, polishing, polishing and film mulching process, both suitable for the production of corrugated boxes, but also suitable for color box products. According to the quality of products, sales and logistics and other characteristics of comprehensive consideration, using the corresponding processing technology.
The aluminum stamping decoration process is expensive, the decoration quality effect is outstanding, it is the ideal choice for high-grade product packaging. But it should be noted that aluminum electrochemical is not suitable for application in corrugated boxes, more suitable for hardcover corrugated color box or white paper plate, glass card as the bearing color box products. For color box products with electrochemical hot printing process, attention should be paid to controlling the amount of coating and drying of the ink layer in the printing process, so as not to cause quality problems such as hot stamping or hot stamping layout.
Molding process —— Pay attention to detail
Reasonable design of corrugated carton, color box molding process, on the one hand, we should pay attention to the reasonable design of the die-cut version and the technical control of the indentation process, on the other hand, we should pay attention to the product lap tongue and shaking of the tongue buckle structure design.
Because the corrugated box, corrugated color box has a certain thickness, so in the production of die cut version, should consider the die cut version design from the reverse side, so that the folding molding line is not easy to deviate, but also can reduce the inner diameter size reduction, is conducive to improving the accuracy of product molding. Die-cut plate should also pay attention to the adjustment of the pressure, the pressure is uneven or too light, easy to make the molding error.
Another important control link of the molding process is the design of the box tongue structure. A little mistake will appear quality problems, such as the length and width of the tongue is not enough, and the indentation line of the two edges of the tongue break is not designed to open (broken line) structure, it is easy to cause the tongue buckle is not closed, affecting the quality of the product packaging. Once the author's enterprise produced a small packaging box, because the design technology of the die-cutting version is not in place, the tongue of the sample box formed in the elasticity of the cardboard itself, the phenomenon of natural sliding out. Later, we opened a 5mm "one" opening at the crease on both sides of the box tongue, so that the opening on both sides of the tongue crease could slightly cover the edge of the corresponding left and right sides, so that the tongue of the cardboard box would no longer slide out, and the phenomenon of the paper box is not tight. It can be seen that designers must pay attention to details, in order to make the product to obtain a more satisfactory quality effect.
The reasonable design of corrugated box and color box products is actually the reasonable design and appropriate control of every step in the whole production process of pre-press, printing and post-press processing. In addition to having a certain theoretical knowledge, designers should also strengthen the summary of printing production experience and process analysis, in order to constantly improve and innovate the process technology.
Source: http://news.naliyin.com/
